UM NOVO OLHAR SOBRE O CÁLCULO DE ÁREA DESENVOLVIDO PELOS MESTRES CUBADORES DO ASSENTAMENTO RIO PRETO/TO NA PERSPECTIVA DA ETNOMATEMÁTICA

Abstract

This dissertation presents reflections on the sociocultural practice of land cubing, used to calculate land areas, developed by residents of the Rio Preto Settlement Project, located in the rural area of the municipality of Araguaína, in the state of Tocantins. The research theme focuses on Ethnomathematics, in which the object of study is the Mathematics present in the sociocultural practices of the land cubers carried out in the aforementioned Settlement. The research was enriched by the immersions and reflective dialogues in the Study and Research Group on Sociocultural Systems of Mathematics Education (SISMAT/UFNT/CNPq), in which the researcher actively participated, providing a theoretical and methodological deepening that was essential for conducting the research. With this in mind, we sought to answer the following research question: What mathematics are present in the practices of the land cubers of the Rio Preto Settlement? Based on this question, we set ourselves the objective: To understand the mathematical knowledge mobilized by the earth cubers of the Rio Preto Settlement from the perspective of Ethnomathematics. The theoretical framework of the research was built on the works of D'Ambrosio (1998, 2004, 2020), Gerdes (2012), Knijnik (1996), among other researchers. In order to respond to this concern, a qualitative approach was used, as recommended by Oliveira (2020) and Yin (2016), and based on ethnography based on the studies of Angrosino (2009), seeking to understand the land cubing practices developed by the cubers. The survey involved three residents of the settlement who practice land cubing, and was carried out between January and June 2022. During the visits to the settlement, instruments such as narrative interviews, participant observation, a field notebook, photographs of the drawings made by the research participants and audio recording for later transcription were used. The information collected was analyzed through the theoretical field of Ethnomathematics, exploring its cognitive and educational dimensions and the challenges of everyday life, seeking correlations between the theory studied and the practice of the earth cubers in their daily activities in the settlement. The results identified the presence of Flat Euclidean Geometry in the residents' practices, highlighting geometric figures such as squares, triangles and rectangles, as well as the calculation of area, perimeter and fundamental mathematical operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division). This mathematical knowledge, derived from land cubing practices, has the potential to enrich mathematics teaching at the Rio Preto Settlement school by integrating local knowledge with formal education, with a view to finding ways to contribute to student learning through knowledge derived from their reality and the contexts in which they live.